FAALO: MAXAAD KALA SOCOTAA DORASHADDA DALKA MAREYKNAK IYO HALKA AY MAREYSO? BY Abdiqadir Mohamed Ibrahim.

Doorashada Mareykanku waxay dhacdaa Afartii Sanaba mar badiyaaba waxay dhacdaa Bisha November Salaasida u horeyso, sanadkan waxay ku beegan tahay 3.11.2020 afar sano ka hore maantoo kale Saadaashii ugu dambeystey ee uu qabtey Televisionka caanka ah ee lagu magacaabo NBC ayaa tilmaamaaya in ay ex candidate Hilary Clinton 7 point ama 7 dhibic ka horeeyso madaxweynaha  X Donald Trump. Clinton ayaa waxay haystaa 49.8% halka Donald Trump uu isna haysna 42.7% musharax madaxbanaa ee Johnson uu haysto 5.9%, Maantase arinku wuu ka duwan yahay Sadaal oo waxaa Codkooda dhiibtey dad ku dhow Boqol milyan tirada Codadka la tiriyey waxay Biden waxuu ku hogaaminayaa 52% boqolkiiba halka Trump 42% boqolkiiba waan iskoor Balaadhan.

Qaabka Doorashada  Mareykanka waa side?

Hadaba Waxaa xusid mudan in qaabka Mareykanku wax ku doortaan aynan ahayn qofkii ugu cod bata inuu madaxweyne ka noqonaaya dalka Mareykanka balse taas bedelkeeda dalka Mareykanka Waxaa jira ama ay isticmaalaan system ama hab loogu yeero “Electoral Colleges”

Hadaba maxaad tahay “Electoral Colleges”?

Markii uu dalka maraykanka xoroobay oo dastuurkana la sameeyey ayaa la isku raacay in madaxweynaha aanay dadweynaha dooran ee la sameeyo guddi dhexe oo la yiraahdo Electoral College kuwaas oo kala jooga 50ka gobol ee maraykanka. taas oo ku salaysan baaxada gobalka, dadka ku nool iyo gobol kastaa inta xildhibaan ee uu leeyahay.

tusaale ahaan Gobalka California oo gobalka ugu dadka tirada badan waxa uu leeyahay 55 “Electoral Colleges” halka gobalka ugu dadka tirada yar ku nool yahiin ee Alaska uu leeyahay 3 “Electoral Colleges”

Sidaas darteed Musharaxii hela codadka ugu badan ee dadka gobalka degan ayaa noqonaaya musharaxa hela dhamaan Electoral Votes ama Electoral College uu gobolkaasu leeyahay(winner takes all).

Electoral College maxaa looga dan lahaa?

In gobolada dadka yar loo cadaalad sameeyo oo la siiyo awood

In la koontoroolo murashaxiinta meesha ay ka ololaynayaan waayo haddii kale waqti iyo lacag kuma luminyeen gobolada dadka yar mana ka ololeeyeen waxay ka ololayn lahaayeen oo keliya gobolada dadka badan kuwa yar yar ma u suurtowdeen inay xataa doortaan madaxweynaha.

In haddii qof ama xisbi aanan la rabin doorashada afduubo ama si kastaba ha ahaatee dadweynaha doortaan inay Electoral Collegeka ka hortagaan qayaanadaas ama afduubkaas.

538 Electoral Colleges (Electoral Votes) ayaa ah tirada guud ee Electoral Votes Gobolada Dalka Mareykanka lagu saleeyey. 270 Electoral Colleges ayaa looga baahan yahay qofka qabanaayo xilka madaxtinimada dalka Mareykanka.

Doorashada Mareykanka ayaa waxaa xudun u ah sagaal Gobal oo loogu magac darey Battleground States ama Swing State oo ah gobolo dhex dhexaad ah oo markastaa laysku haysto xisbigii ku guuleystano uu qabanaayo hoggaanka wadanka. Waxaana Goboladaasi ka mid ah: Ohio , Wisconsin, Virginia, Florida , Colorado , Nevada, New Mexico, North Carolina, New Hampshire iyo Iowa. Dhamaaan goboladaas aan soo sheegney ayaa ah gobaladda ugu muhiimsan ee go’aamiyo madaxtinimada dalka mareykanka, isla markaasna laga qaato cabirka guusha doorashooyinka ka dhaca dalka Mareykanka.

Doorashadani kaliya maahan mid loogu tartamayo madaxtinimada Dalka ee sidoo kalena waxaa lagu tartamayaa 11 guddoomiye gobol. Saddex meelood meel kamida tirada guud ee aqalka odayaasha iyo sidoo kale guud ahaanba 435 kursi ee aqalka wakiilada.

Jamhuuriga ayaa u hanqal taagaya iney hantaan awoodda aqalka hoose, halka Dimuquraadigu ay quud dareynayaan iney caynaanka u qabtaan aqalka odayaasha si ay u koontaroolaan awoodda aqalkaasi.

Hadaba Taariikhda waxay ina tustey musharixiin badan oo ku horeeyey qiyaasaha laakiin eersaday markii ay doodii u danbeysay ku fashilmeen. Waxaa tusaale loo soo qaataa sanadkii 1980kii, Madaxweyne Carter ayaa qiyaasta kaga horeeyey Reagan. Laakiin doodihii ay galeen ayaa xaga kale u rogay doorashadii, waxaana ku guuleystay Ronald reagan.